NASA has successfully tested a new type of tire for rovers designed for Mars exploration, utilizing shape memory alloy (SMA) technology. Conducted at the Airbus Mars Yard in Stevenage, UK, the tests simulated Martian terrain, focusing on the performance of SMA spring tires developed in collaboration with Goodyear Tire & Rubber.
These tires are engineered to withstand the uneven and rocky Martian surface. Shape memory alloys can revert to their original shape after deformation, making them ideal for the extreme conditions rovers will encounter.
Dr. Santo Padula II from NASA Glenn Research Center highlighted the potential of SMA tires, which can endure significant stress while maintaining their integrity. The development stemmed from a collaboration between Padula and mechanical engineer Colin Creager, who recognized the need for improved tire materials during a chance meeting.
In the fall of 2024, NASA's team conducted various tests, including uphill and downhill maneuvers, while monitoring tire performance over rocks and sand. Results showed minimal sliding and shifting, indicating strong stability and maneuverability.
As part of ongoing research, NASA aims to enhance SMA properties for future applications, including habitat protection on the Moon and Mars. The agency seeks materials capable of absorbing energy from micrometeorite impacts, essential for supporting human activities in these harsh environments.
These advancements in tire technology represent a significant step forward in preparing for future human and robotic missions to Mars.