New Leafless Orchid Species Discovered in Sumatra, Indonesia

Researchers from BRIN (National Research and Innovation Agency) have discovered a new species of leafless orchid, *Chiloschista tjiasmantoi*, endemic to Sumatra, Indonesia. The orchid, named in honor of environmental philanthropist Wewin Tjiasmanto, grows epiphyotically on trees in semi-open plantations near forests. Its small, bright yellow flowers are crucial for detection, as the plant's roots resemble the bark of the trees it grows on. *Chiloschista tjiasmantoi* is classified as 'Endangered' due to its limited distribution, small population size, and threats from plantation expansion and climate change. Conservation efforts, including expanding protected areas in Aceh, are crucial for preserving this unique species. The orchid features 1-1.2 cm wide yellow flowers with orange or reddish spots, with up to 30 flowers blooming simultaneously on a single stem. It thrives at altitudes of 700-1000 meters in semi-open, windy, and humid habitats, typically flowering from mid-July to late December. This leafless orchid has evolved to perform photosynthesis through its roots, opening opportunities for further research into its biology. The discovery marks the first recorded presence of *Chiloschista* orchids on Sumatra, adding to Indonesia's rich orchid diversity.