In Paraguay, nine native mammal species, including the jaguar and giant otter, are listed as endangered. Violations against these animals can lead to severe penalties, including fines ranging from G. 53.8 million to G. 161.4 million.
Additionally, 18 amphibian species and 35 reptiles are also at risk, with notable examples including the false coral snake and various tortoise species. The bird population faces challenges as well, with 66 species, including the iconic bellbird and several macaws, listed as endangered.
The Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development (Mades) monitors these species, updating the list approximately every decade. Habitat loss due to agricultural expansion and infrastructure development, as well as poaching, are significant threats to these animals.
For instance, the jaguar, South America's largest feline, is critically endangered primarily due to hunting by ranchers who perceive it as a threat to livestock. Moreover, many species are targeted by poachers for their meat and pelts.
Environmental challenges such as drought and wildfires further exacerbate the situation by degrading habitats and reducing food and water availability, increasing competition among species.
The Environmental Crimes Law imposes penalties of one to five years in prison for harming endangered species, with fines reaching G. 161.4 million for severe violations. In 2014, additional legislation specifically aimed at jaguar conservation was enacted, increasing fines significantly.
Despite these measures, the endangered species category lacks comprehensive legal protection, prompting discussions on updating laws to enhance conservation efforts.
Mades is actively engaged in awareness campaigns and conservation programs, often collaborating with international organizations like WWF-Paraguay, which has initiated projects to monitor and protect jaguar habitats.
Efforts to mitigate wildlife impact from infrastructure development include the construction of wildlife crossings. Recent projects have installed various underpasses and elevated crossings to facilitate safe animal movement across roads.