On November 18, 2024, authorities in Delhi, India, announced the closure of schools and the suspension of construction activities due to a significant increase in air pollution levels. The air quality index (AQI) reached a record high of 1,081 in some areas, classified as 'hazardous' by Swiss group IQAir.
The 24-hour AQI reading for the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi was reported at 484, categorized as 'severe plus,' marking the worst levels recorded this season. The concentration of PM2.5 particles was measured at 39 times higher than the World Health Organization's recommended limits.
This toxic smog, a combination of smoke and fog, is a recurring issue during winter months, exacerbated by cold air trapping emissions and smoke from agricultural burning in surrounding states. In response, all classes in Delhi have shifted to online formats, with exceptions for students in grades 10 and 12.
Authorities aim to mitigate further deterioration of air quality by reducing traffic congestion, as many residents lack access to air filters or adequately sealed homes. The pollution crisis has been linked to thousands of premature deaths annually in the region.
Farm fires, particularly from rice stubble burning, contribute significantly to the pollution levels, accounting for up to 40 percent of the total. Satellite data indicated 1,334 such incidents across six Indian states on November 17.
Despite the hazardous conditions, many residents continue their daily routines, with visibility reduced to 100 meters in some areas, impacting iconic landmarks like India Gate. Flights and trains have experienced delays but remain operational.
India's Supreme Court recently ruled that clean air is a fundamental human right, urging government authorities to implement effective measures to combat pollution.