On January 15, 2025, a significant milestone in space sustainability was marked with the public release of the Zero Debris Technical Booklet. This document outlines a comprehensive framework aimed at preventing the generation of new space debris and establishing protocols for the safe removal of satellites at the end of their operational life.
The Charter set forth in the booklet establishes specific benchmarks for managing risks associated with reentries, collisions, and debris creation. The initiative has seen extensive collaboration through conferences and workshops, leading to the development of this technical roadmap.
Key objectives include:
Preventing the release of new debris, ranging from small particles to larger rocket bodies.
Reducing debris creation through collision avoidance and breakup prevention.
Enhancing space traffic surveillance and coordination systems.
Ensuring the prompt removal of satellites from critical low-Earth and geostationary orbits post-mission.
Minimizing risks of ground casualties from satellite reentries.
Improving understanding of debris effects on Earth's atmosphere and astronomical observations.
The Technical Booklet will serve as a dynamic reference, continuously updated to incorporate new insights and technological advancements.
Innovations proposed include the development of robust Zero Debris satellites designed to withstand breakups and equipped for controlled de-orbiting. These advancements will involve the use of debris-resistant materials, reentry burn-up technology, and standardized interfaces for removal.
Launch systems will also be scrutinized to ensure the deorbiting of spent rocket stages while eliminating the release of small particles during launches. Additionally, advanced tracking systems and improved communication technologies are essential for optimizing collision avoidance protocols.
Finally, strategies for end-of-life satellite management will focus on active debris removal and environmentally safe reentry methods, alongside research into the effects of space debris on the oceans and atmosphere, ensuring sustainable decommissioning practices.