An international research team has investigated the effects of wind-induced vibrations on solar photovoltaic (PV) modules, revealing significant mechanical repercussions, particularly for larger panels. The lead author, Sagarika Kumar, noted that torsional frequencies between 4 Hz and 5 Hz were detected, which could lead to microcracks and potential system failure.
The study indicates that current PV module certification does not adequately address these environmental challenges. The research is structured into two phases: the first focuses on PV system analysis under various wind conditions, while the second involves wind-fluid analysis using historical data and modeling.
The team conducted a structural load analysis simulating static wind pressure at varying speeds, including conditions akin to a Category 1 hurricane. Results indicated that static loading could displace modules by approximately 5.1 cm.
Kumar emphasized that existing IEC tests do not fully represent the mechanical stresses observed. The proposed protocol includes mid-frequency vibration testing and dynamic load testing to better simulate real-world conditions.
The vibration tests are conducted for eight hours under specific standards, incorporating thermal cycling to simulate thermomechanical fatigue. The dynamic load tests evaluate torsional effects using a clamping method under increased pressure loads.
This research, conducted by scientists from the Renewable and Sustainable Energy Research Centre in Abu Dhabi and the Solar Energy Research Institute of Singapore, aims to enhance testing protocols for PV modules in extreme weather conditions.