Archaeologists have discovered the Palaspata temple in the Bolivian highlands. This ceremonial complex offers new insights into the Tiwanaku civilization's organization and reach. The temple is located approximately 215 kilometers southeast of the main Tiwanaku site.
The Tiwanaku civilization flourished near Lake Titicaca from around 500 to 1000 CE. They were known for their stone architecture and monoliths, and their influence spread across Bolivia, Peru, Chile, and Argentina. The discovery of Palaspata suggests a more centralized state.
The Palaspata temple complex is approximately 125 by 145 meters and features 15 quadrangular enclosures surrounding a central sunken courtyard. Its design is similar to other Tiwanaku temples, such as Kalasasaya. The temple's alignment with the solar equinox suggests astronomical rituals were performed there.
Artifacts found at the site include fragments of keru cups, which were used for drinking chicha, a traditional maize beer. The fact that maize does not grow at the site's altitude indicates long-distance trade. Other artifacts include obsidian blades, turquoise fragments, marine shells, and exotic ceramics.
The discovery of Palaspata provides evidence of Tiwanaku's influence beyond its core territory, highlighting the role of religion in economic and political transactions. Most interactions were likely facilitated through shared rituals and beliefs.
Local authorities are working to protect the site from looting, development, and erosion, aiming to promote tourism and showcase the region's history. Justo Ventura Guarayo, the mayor of Caracollo, is involved in the preservation efforts.
Further research may reveal more about Tiwanaku's eastern frontier and contribute to a broader understanding of how ancient societies in the Andes built networks of power through temples, trade, and shared rituals.