Researchers from the British Museum have uncovered a rare Iron Age helmet among treasures excavated in Snettisham, Norfolk, as part of a 15-year project. The artifacts, primarily consisting of gold, silver, and bronze torcs, were discovered between 1948 and the 1990s. Fragments of copper alloy, initially thought to be part of a vessel, were revealed to be part of the archaeological puzzle.
Dr. Jody Joy, the museum's curator for European Iron Age artifacts, expressed his excitement over the helmet's discovery, stating it was one of the most thrilling moments in his eight years at the institution. Dr. Farley noted the extreme rarity of helmets from this era, emphasizing that the findings showcase the advanced craftsmanship of Iron Age artisans, including techniques such as mercury gilding. 'We did not know they could do this in the UK 2,000 years ago,' she remarked.
Dr. Joy suggested that the helmet may not have been complete when buried, potentially indicating it was an heirloom or used as a container for other materials. Most treasures were buried around 60 BCE, with some pieces dating to the early Roman period, representing one of the largest concentrations of precious metals in prehistoric Europe.
Despite their significance, these treasures had not been fully published, prompting a collaboration between the British Museum and Norwich Castle Museum, which houses some of the findings. In addition to the helmet, the project involved meticulous examination of the torcs using advanced scientific technology, revealing details such as wear patterns that indicate prolonged or intense use.
Among the discoveries are at least 400 torcs, over 60 of which are intact or nearly intact, including the Snettisham Great Torc, one of the most elaborate gold objects from the ancient world. Researchers confirmed that torcs were worn by men, women, and youths, not exclusively by high-status males. The concentration of torcs at Ken Hill, where 80% of them were found, suggests they were valuable items buried as offerings in a sacred location.