Tissue engineering is evolving with the integration of cell therapy and medical devices, utilizing patient-derived cells and polymer materials to modify cells. While not a new field, the advent of automation via bioprinting is driving significant innovations. Dr. Murad Rejeb, founder of MatriChem, discussed these advancements on the show 'Futurism' with host Anton Gruiev.
Typically, it takes weeks or months for engineered tissue to achieve the necessary functionality. Dr. Rejeb cited examples of ongoing clinical research, including the bioprinting of ovaries, which is particularly beneficial for patients with ovarian cancer requiring surgical removal. Although bioprinted organs may not replicate the original's functions, they help maintain serum levels in the blood.
Clinical trials have also focused on bioprinting ears, tracheas, and skin. However, research on the bioprinted ear was halted after only two implantations for unclear reasons.
Beyond healthcare, this technology is making strides in food production, with bioprinted meat from live animal cells already on the market. In healthcare, bioprinting is primarily applied in regenerative medicine and in vitro diagnostics, aiming to enhance personalized therapies.
A key advantage is the use of patient cells, which significantly reduces the likelihood of tissue or organ rejection by the body, increasing integration chances.
Tissue engineering is also expected to replace animal testing for various pharmaceuticals and cosmetic products. Although animal testing for cosmetic purposes is banned in Europe, over 10 million animals still die annually from medical testing, which is only effective in 10-15% of cases compared to clinical trials.
Researchers aim to replicate human physiology or specific organs to facilitate product testing. Dr. Rejeb revealed that MatriChem, in partnership with Plovdiv Medical University, is developing a comprehensive model of the colon for testing therapies related to specific cancer types, with results anticipated within six months. These findings could then be presented to pharmaceutical companies for clinical trials.
Dr. Rejeb believes that within the next decade, science will achieve the ability to reproduce the functions of entire organs. Current challenges include the capacity of bioprinted organs to develop blood vessels necessary for functioning before implantation. However, significant progress has been made in this area, with solutions needing broader dissemination.
For the full discussion, watch the video.