On November 11, 2024, the global climate crisis takes center stage with the commencement of COP29 in Baku, Azerbaijan. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) released a report indicating that 2024 may become the warmest year recorded, with average global temperatures from January to September exceeding pre-industrial levels by 1.54 degrees Celsius.
During the climate summit, leaders from nearly 200 nations convene to discuss urgent measures to combat climate change. The conference is particularly significant as it is hosted by Azerbaijan, a country rich in fossil fuels, which raises concerns regarding its commitment to transitioning to sustainable energy sources.
The report from the WMO highlights that the decade from 2015 to 2024 is projected to be the hottest since records began. This alarming trend underscores the critical need for immediate action to prevent the global temperature from surpassing the 1.5 degrees Celsius threshold set by the Paris Agreement.
Discussions at COP29 will focus on financial support for developing nations grappling with the impacts of climate change. Wealthy countries had previously pledged to allocate $100 billion annually to assist these nations, a commitment that has faced scrutiny due to delays and inadequate funding.
The WMO's findings also reveal that greenhouse gas emissions reached an all-time high in 2023, contributing to the ongoing rise in global temperatures. The report warns that each fraction of a degree increase can exacerbate extreme weather events, such as heatwaves, floods, and droughts.
Moreover, the melting of glaciers and rising ocean temperatures continue to threaten ecosystems and human livelihoods worldwide. The situation is compounded by geopolitical tensions and economic instability, which have strained budgets and diverted attention from climate initiatives.
UN Secretary-General António Guterres emphasized the urgency of addressing the climate crisis, stating that vulnerable populations are disproportionately affected by its impacts. He called for immediate and coordinated global efforts to reduce emissions and enhance adaptation strategies.
As COP29 progresses, the international community faces mounting pressure to reconcile economic interests with the pressing need for environmental stewardship. The outcomes of this conference could significantly influence global climate policy and the future of our planet.