On January 11, 2025, the Sudanese Army announced its entry into the city of Wad Madani, successfully expelling the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) from the area. This development marks a significant potential gain for the army in the ongoing conflict that has persisted for nearly two years.
The army released a video showing troops within Wad Madani, the capital of the Gezira state, which has been under RSF control since December 2023. Regaining full control of Gezira state could represent a turning point in the conflict, which erupted in April 2023 amid disputes over the integration of RSF into the national army.
The fighting has led to one of the world's largest humanitarian crises, displacing over 12 million people and leaving half of the population suffering from hunger. The army's statement congratulated the people on the recovery of Wad Madani, stating that efforts were underway to clear remaining rebel pockets in the city.
Initially, more than half a million people fled to Gezira state, but an RSF offensive at the end of 2023 displaced an additional 300,000 individuals, according to the United Nations. Gezira state, located in central Sudan south of the capital Khartoum, has witnessed RSF attacks that have resulted in civilian casualties, destruction of crops, and the looting of hospitals and markets.
Despite its historical significance as an agricultural and commercial hub, experts warn that Wad Madani is at risk of famine due to the blockade stemming from the conflict. The army has intensified its campaign to regain control of Gezira in recent months, having already established dominance in the southern state of Sennar.
In addition, the army has increased its airstrikes, which have frequently impacted civilians. The commander of the RSF in Gezira defected to support the army in October, and while his forces participated in Saturday's operations, the RSF responded with a series of attacks.
The army also continued its operations in Bahri, north of the capital, where it has made advances in recent months. The RSF maintains control over most regions in western Sudan and is engaged in fierce combat with the army for control of El Fasher, the last stronghold in Darfur. Both forces are also involved in violent clashes over White Nile state in southern Sudan.