Retinol has gained prominence in dermatology for its effectiveness in combating aging, improving skin texture, and treating acne. However, not all skin types or conditions are suitable for this potent vitamin A derivative, and some individuals should avoid it altogether.
Retinol and other retinoids are contraindicated during pregnancy. Studies have shown that their use, particularly in high doses or orally (like isotretinoin), can lead to fetal malformations, congenital defects, and developmental complications for the baby. Although topical retinol is absorbed in smaller amounts, it is still advisable to avoid it entirely during pregnancy to mitigate any risks.
For individuals with extremely sensitive skin or conditions such as rosacea and dermatitis, retinol can be too aggressive. According to the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, it can trigger irritation, redness, peeling, and a burning sensation in those with these conditions. Sensitive skin has a weaker barrier, allowing retinol to penetrate more deeply and cause adverse effects. In such cases, dermatologists often recommend gentler alternatives like bakuchiol or peptides.
People undergoing aggressive dermatological treatments, such as chemical peels, dermabrasion, or laser therapy, should also steer clear of retinol. The combination of these treatments with retinoids can further damage the skin, leading to extreme irritation or even post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, as noted in a study published in the International Journal of Dermatology. It is advisable to wait several weeks after such procedures before reintroducing retinol into the skincare routine.
Additionally, retinol increases the skin's sensitivity to UV rays, raising the risk of sunburn and damage from prolonged sun exposure. If you work outdoors or spend significant time in the sun, it is best to avoid this compound or at least enhance the use of sunscreen and antioxidant products.
The use of this chemical in high concentrations should be supervised by a dermatologist. Exceeding recommended doses can lead to adverse reactions, even in those who typically do not have issues with cosmetic products. The American Academy of Dermatology suggests starting with low doses and gradually increasing concentration to minimize the risk of irritation.
While retinol has widely proven benefits, it is not suitable for everyone. Consulting a specialist and considering alternatives is essential for caring for your skin without risks.