Detecting Life on Mars: New Method Identifies Microbial Fossils in Gypsum

Scientists have developed a method to detect microbial fossils in gypsum, analogous to sulfate rocks on Mars. Using a laser ablation ionization mass spectrometer, they analyzed gypsum samples from Algeria containing fossil filaments of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. The presence of dolomite, clay minerals, and pyrite surrounding these filaments suggests organic life. This method could be integrated into future Mars rovers for in-situ analysis, potentially guiding exploration missions. The research provides a framework for detecting biosignatures in Martian sulfate minerals, addressing the challenge of distinguishing true biosignatures from abiotic formations.