Autonomous Robotic Organizations (AROs), powered by artificial intelligence, are transforming marine operations in 2025 [2]. These systems combine various platforms like underwater robots (AUVs), surface vehicles (USVs), aerial vehicles (UAVs), and satellites [5]. AROs enable advanced collaboration, control, and robustness, allowing for the observation of vast ocean areas at a reduced cost compared to traditional methods [5].
Equinor, NTNU, and the University of Porto are collaborating on this research [2, 5]. Equinor is already implementing robots for mapping and monitoring marine ecosystems and inspecting offshore infrastructure [5]. These AI-driven systems promise reduced costs, more efficient missions, faster responses, improved quality, and higher system robustness [5].
The integration of AI and automation is reshaping maritime jobs, necessitating workforce adaptation and reskilling to align with new technological demands [3]. The industry must address challenges such as data standardization, cybersecurity risks, and the need for skilled personnel to manage AI-driven systems [8].