On December 25, 2024, Vietnam officially implemented a new decree that expands government control over internet services and users. Known as Decree 147, this regulation is justified by authorities on grounds of 'national security' and 'social order.'
The decree mandates that social media platforms operating in Vietnam must store user data and provide it to authorities upon request. This regulation was first announced in November 2024 and requires organizations to remove any content deemed 'illegal' by the government within 24 hours.
Experts express concern that Decree 147 is part of a broader effort by the government to tighten surveillance and suppress free speech. Patricia Gossman, Asia director at Human Rights Watch, noted that the decree provides authorities with additional tools to silence dissent, as any criticism of the Communist Party is considered a national security issue.
Major tech companies like Facebook and TikTok are required to verify user accounts through phone numbers or personal identification numbers, and to retain this data. Additionally, organizations must provide authorities with content scanning tools upon request. Certain internet functions, such as live video broadcasting, are only permitted for verified accounts.
Critics argue that these restrictions threaten freedom of expression and could significantly impact individuals who rely on social media for their livelihoods, including influencers and creative professionals. Gaming companies, for instance, must limit playtime to one hour per session and no more than 180 minutes per day.
Activist Dang Thi Hue, who has 28,000 followers on Facebook, stated that 'Decree 147 is openly used to suppress those with differing views' from the government. Former political prisoner Le Anh Hung described the decree as a 'latest sign of violations against basic freedoms,' emphasizing the blurred line between what is legal and illegal.
In October, independent blogger Duong Van Thai was sentenced to 12 years in prison on charges of anti-state propaganda, illustrating the increasing risks for dissenters in Vietnam.