In a startling revelation, researchers have identified a human pathogen, Serratia marcescens, as a potential cause of the alarming decline of elkhorn coral in the Florida Keys. This discovery sheds light on the broader implications of water quality on marine ecosystems.
Long-term studies initiated in 1996 revealed that nearly 80% of elkhorn coral has perished, leading to its listing as an endangered species. The research team, led by Dr. Porter, observed that the white patches on the coral were not due to bleaching but a previously unknown disease dubbed 'white pox.'
By mapping rainfall runoff patterns, they found a direct correlation between high runoff events and coral losses, culminating in the discovery of the pathogen in coral samples. Remarkably, Serratia marcescens, typically found in human waste, was shown to survive longer in coastal waters under poor water quality conditions.
This groundbreaking finding has prompted calls for urgent action to improve wastewater treatment in the region, highlighting the critical link between human activity and marine health. As coral reefs serve as vital ecosystems, understanding and mitigating these impacts is essential for their preservation.