Researchers at the University of Surrey's Advanced Technology Institute (ATI) have made significant strides in solar technology, achieving over 23% power conversion efficiency (PCE) in lead-tin perovskite solar cells. This advancement, detailed in the journal 'Energy and Environmental Science', marks an important milestone in the quest for more efficient and sustainable solar energy solutions.
Notably, the new design strategies not only enhance efficiency but also extend the operational lifespan of these solar cells by 66%. PCE, which measures the ratio of sunlight converted into usable energy, is a critical metric for solar technology. While traditional silicon solar panels dominate the market, the research suggests a promising shift towards perovskite/silicon hybrid panels and potentially fully perovskite-based panels that could deliver even higher efficiencies.
Hashini Perera, Ph.D. student and lead author, explained, "The understanding we have developed from this work has allowed us to identify a strategy that improves the efficiency and extends the operational lifetime of these devices when exposed to ambient conditions." This breakthrough is poised to increase access to affordable clean energy, thereby reducing reliance on fossil fuels and lowering global carbon emissions.
The research team focused on minimizing losses associated with the hole transport layer, which is vital for the functionality of solar cells. By introducing an iodine-reducing agent, they were able to counteract degradation effects, leading to improved efficiency and longevity of the cells. This innovation opens doors for more sustainable and economically viable solar technology.
Dr. Imalka Jayawardena, co-author of the study, remarked, "By significantly enhancing the efficiency of our perovskite-based solar cells, we are moving closer to producing cheaper and more sustainable solar panels." The team is actively refining materials, processes, and device architecture to address remaining challenges in the field.
Professor Ravi Silva, Director of the ATI, emphasized the broader implications of this research: "This research brings us closer to panels that not only generate more power over their lifetime but are also longer lasting. Greater efficiency and fewer replacements mean more green energy with less waste." The University of Surrey is currently constructing a 12.5MW solar farm to test these innovative modules, aiming to accelerate the commercial adoption of perovskite-based solar technology.
This progress aligns with several UN Sustainable Development Goals, particularly those focused on affordable and clean energy, industry innovation, and climate action.