Self-harm, also known as cutting syndrome, refers to intentional and self-directed behaviors that involve damage and immediate destruction of body tissues, as explained by a pediatric neonatologist.
The professional noted an "alarming increase of adolescents with cutting syndrome" in a recent social media post.
This behavior typically begins in adolescence, usually between the ages of 12 and 15, although it can also occur at younger or older ages.
What causes cutting syndrome? According to the expert, "adolescents are particularly vulnerable to mental health issues, and if these begin during this developmental stage, they can be more dangerous. Therefore, prevention and monitoring their mood during this challenging period is crucial."
Adolescents self-harm for various reasons, often as an attempt to stop or interrupt an intense, uncontrollable, and difficult-to-tolerate emotion.
Predisposing psychological factors include physical or sexual abuse, physical or emotional neglect, and dysfunctional family conditions during childhood and adolescence.
"In many cases, self-harm results from poor emotional regulation. Adolescents have not learned to manage their emotions adequately and lack tools to cope with those feelings in a more adaptive way," the expert added.
Self-harm can occur on any part of the body, though it is often found on the forearms, thighs, and abdomen. "We must not forget that they try to hide these behaviors from others and feel profound shame; hence, some adolescents inflict cuts or burns on more concealed areas of the body," the expert continued.
It is important to mention that while self-harm may provide a brief sense of calm and relieve physical and emotional tension, it usually leads to feelings of guilt and shame, causing painful emotions to resurface.
Symptoms of self-harm may include:
Frequent scars.
Cuts, scratches, bruises, bites, or other recent injuries.
Excessively rubbing a spot to produce a burn.
Having sharp objects or other items used for self-harm readily available.
Wearing long sleeves or pants to hide self-harm, even in warm weather.
Difficulty relating to others.
Rapidly changing and impulsive behaviors and emotions.
Talking about helplessness, hopelessness, or worthlessness.
"It is vital for parents to spend at least an hour a week talking to their children about their emotions, creating a safe space where they can express themselves without fear of judgment. Let’s be attentive to our adolescents," concluded Núñez.