Scientists at the University of Leicester have developed a groundbreaking technique using sound waves to recycle fuel cell components, addressing the challenge of 'forever chemicals'. This innovative method efficiently separates valuable materials from fuel cells, preventing harmful chemicals from polluting the environment. The research, published in RSC Sustainability and Ultrasonic Sonochemistry, marks a significant advancement in sustainable technology.
The technique involves using high-frequency ultrasound to separate catalyst-coated membranes (CCMs), which contain precious metals like platinum bonded to PFAS membranes. By soaking the fuel cells in an organic solvent and applying high-power ultrasound, the precious metals can be separated from the PFAS membranes in under a minute. This process creates microscopic bubbles that collapse under pressure, generating enough force to peel apart the materials without the need for harsh chemicals.
This development is a collaborative effort with Johnson Matthey, a leader in sustainable technologies. Ross Gordon, Principal Research Scientist at Johnson Matthey, hailed the technology as a 'game-changer' for fuel cell recycling, emphasizing its potential to lower the costs of hydrogen-powered energy and promote cleaner technology. As the demand for hydrogen fuel cells rises, this recycling technique paves the way for greener and more cost-effective energy solutions.
The Royal Society of Chemistry has also urged government intervention to reduce PFAS levels in UK water supplies. The new method addresses critical environmental challenges posed by PFAS, known to contaminate drinking water and have serious health implications.
Building on their initial success, the team introduced a new continuous recycling process using a device called a blade sonotrode. This tool uses high-frequency ultrasound to peel apart the layers of the fuel cells, creating tiny bubbles that burst under pressure. This allows the precious metals to be separated from the membranes almost instantly, at room temperature. The method is efficient, environmentally safe, and economically viable.
Dr. Jake Yang from the University of Leicester School of Chemistry noted that this innovation could help build a circular economy for platinum group metals, making hydrogen energy technology more sustainable and affordable.
This article is based on our author's analysis of materials taken from the following resources: RSC Sustainability, University of Leicester, and Johnson Matthey.