NATO allies have agreed to allocate 5% of their gross domestic product (GDP) to defense, a significant increase from the previous target of 2%. This decision reflects growing concerns about threats, particularly from Russia, which has been labeled an "existential threat" to Germany and Europe.
Germany has significantly changed its role within NATO since the 1990s. Once on the front lines of defense, it now serves as a central hub for the alliance, crucial for logistics and supply. Brigadier General Thomas Hambach of the Bavarian Military Command highlights Germany's primary task: enabling the deployment and supply operations.
To strengthen this role, Germany has developed the "Operational Plan Germany," a strategic contingency plan. While many details are confidential, it includes the reception, accommodation, and transportation of soldiers, weapons, ammunition, and other equipment, as well as the evacuation of refugees and the wounded. This plan involves all resources, including humanitarian organizations, businesses, and the civilian population, to ensure an effective defense of the alliance.
Furthermore, Germany announced in May 2025 the procurement of the Arrow 4 missile defense system, which will provide high-altitude defense and complement existing systems like IRIS-T SLM and Patriot. This procurement is a key element of Germany's contribution to the European Sky Shield Initiative. In light of these initiatives, Germany plays a central role in strengthening NATO's defense capabilities, ensuring the alliance is prepared to respond to any challenges in 2025.