Estrogen, traditionally recognized as a female sex hormone, is now acknowledged for its significant role in brain health. Scientists are actively exploring its influence on neurological conditions, including multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. A deeper understanding of estrogen's effects could pave the way for innovative hormone-based therapies.
Produced primarily in the ovaries and also in the brain, estrogen interacts with receptors throughout the brain, impacting neuron activity, inflammation, and cerebral blood flow. Research indicates that estrogen levels can affect neurological diseases and cognitive functions, particularly during menopause. Studies show that estrogen increases cerebral perfusion and exerts neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects on brain tissues.
Emerging studies emphasize the importance of considering hormonal fluctuations in neurological treatments. Therapies are being developed to address conditions like epilepsy and migraines by understanding estrogen's role. This knowledge may transform approaches to brain health, especially for women, and could potentially delay the onset of Alzheimer's disease. Researchers suggest that estrogen replacement therapy started in midlife may reduce the risk of dementia, but more conclusive research is needed.