The discovery of a 4,000-year-old rib pierced by an arrowhead in the Pyrenees offers a fascinating glimpse into the past. From a historical-chronological context, this find allows us to examine the evolution of violence and injury throughout human history.
The earliest evidence of projectile weapons dates back to the Middle Paleolithic period, with the development of spears and eventually, the bow and arrow. The arrowhead found in the Pyrenees, dating back to the Copper Age, provides concrete evidence of interpersonal conflict during this era. According to research, the Copper Age, spanning roughly from 3500 to 2300 BCE, saw significant social changes, including increased population densities and competition for resources, which likely fueled violent encounters.
The healing of the rib indicates the individual survived the attack, offering insights into prehistoric medical practices. Archeological findings suggest that prehistoric communities had some knowledge of wound care, including the use of herbal remedies and rudimentary surgical techniques. The Roc de les Orenetes site, where the rib was discovered, has revealed over 1,000 human remains, providing a wealth of data for understanding the health and social dynamics of this ancient community. This discovery, along with others, helps to build a timeline of violence, revealing the evolution of weaponry and the impact of conflict on human societies.