Pistachio Genome Sequenced: New DNA Map for Better Nuts

University of California, Davis, researchers have generated the most comprehensive genome sequence of the pistachio, potentially leading to more nutritious and sustainable varieties. California produces 99% of the nation's pistachios, a nearly $3 billion industry. The new genetic map is vastly more detailed and accurate than previous attempts, according to J. Grey Monroe, assistant professor with the Department of Plant Sciences. The team sequenced the genome of the Kerman cultivar, the most common variety in California. The study identifies four key stages of nut growth, providing a complete physiological assessment. Bárbara Blanco-Ulate, associate professor, noted this will help farmers make better decisions, like when to water, for more sustainable production. The genomic sequence details how different genes behave in nuts over the growing season, including those influencing protein and unsaturated fatty acid accumulation. Researchers have discovered the genes and pathways that influence their nutritional value, potentially leading to breeding more nutritional pistachios in the future.