The color of ocean water offers valuable insights into its health and composition, influencing decisions related to environmental monitoring and resource management. The way light interacts with particles and substances in the water determines its color. For instance, water with high sediment concentrations may appear yellow or red, while purer water reflects blue light.
Scientists use water color to assess ocean health, with high chlorophyll levels indicating algal growth. Excess nutrients can lead to harmful algal blooms, posing risks to both marine life and human health. Satellite imagery and water samples are used to create water quality maps, aiding authorities in monitoring chlorophyll levels and implementing pollution control measures.
NASA's PACE mission and other satellite programs play a crucial role in monitoring ocean color by measuring the spectral nature of light reflecting from the water. These measurements help scientists understand the distribution of phytoplankton, mineral particles, and dissolved organic matter, providing insights into the health of aquatic ecosystems and supporting efforts to manage and protect marine resources.