Marine mammals in Scotland are facing increased disturbances from non-motorized watercraft, according to recent studies. A 2025 study by Heriot-Watt University revealed that a third of marine mammal disturbances are caused by kayaks and paddleboards.
The study observed seals becoming agitated and leaving their resting sites when approached by these crafts. This disruption highlights the need for responsible wildlife watching practices to protect marine life.
The Scottish Marine Wildlife Watching Code, updated in 2024, provides guidelines to minimize these disturbances. It recommends maintaining a distance of at least 100 meters from marine animals and avoiding chasing or cornering them.
Conservationists are advocating for the licensing of marine wildlife tours to ensure responsible practices. The Wildlife Conservation Society (WDC) emphasizes the need for management in the marine wildlife tourism sector.
The Scottish Government has also implemented measures such as mandatory Remote Electronic Monitoring (REM) for scallop dredging vessels, effective from September 7, 2025. These efforts aim to enhance monitoring and conservation of marine environments.