Ancient Iguanas' Epic Voyage: 8,000 km Ocean Crossing Revealed by Genetic Study, Highlighting Resilience and Conservation Needs

A recent study in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences reveals that prehistoric iguanas undertook an extraordinary 8,000-kilometer transoceanic journey across the Pacific Ocean 34 million years ago. This journey, potentially the longest ever by a vertebrate (excluding human-aided transport), was discovered through genetic analysis of Fijian iguanas. Researchers found a common ancestor with American iguanas, suggesting a sea voyage. The prevailing theory of land bridges was dismissed due to lack of evidence. Instead, scientists propose that a cyclone swept the iguanas into the ocean, where they floated on vegetation rafts. Their resilience to starvation and dehydration, along with the ability to find food on floating plants, aided their survival. Today, these resilient survivors face threats from habitat loss and illegal trafficking, underscoring the need for conservation efforts.