A genomic survey indicates that the capacity for human language may have existed at least 135,000 years ago, with social use potentially emerging around 100,000 years ago. Homo sapiens are approximately 230,000 years old, and estimates of language origin vary.
Shigeru Miyagawa, MIT professor and co-author, states, "Every population branching across the globe has human language, and all languages are related." The study, "Linguistic capacity was present in the Homo sapiens population 135 thousand years ago," published in *Frontiers in Psychology*, analyzes 15 genetic studies. The data suggests an initial regional branching of humans around 135,000 years ago. This meta-analysis was made possible due to the increased quantity and quality of available genetic studies.
Miyagawa believes all human languages are related. He argues the key question is when humans had the cognitive ability to develop language, combining vocabulary and grammar. Around 100,000 years ago, archaeological evidence reveals widespread symbolic activity, such as markings on objects and the use of ochre. These activities, like complex language, are unique to humans.
Ian Tattersall suggests language was a "trigger for modern human behavior," stimulating thinking and innovation. Miyagawa acknowledges the potential for further research, hoping to encourage more exploration of human language and evolution.